Stefan Gänzle is Jean Monnet Chair and Professor of Political Science at the Department of Political Science and Management, University of Agder, Norway.Benjamin Leruth is Assistant Professor in European Politics and Society at the University of Groningen, Netherlands.Jarle Trondal is Professor of Political Science at the Department of Political Science and Management, University of Agder, and Professor of European Studies at the ARENA Centre for European Studies, University of Oslo, Norway.