Carlos Pestana, MD, PhD, is emeritus professor of surgery at the University of Texas Medical School at San Antonio. Ranked #1 in his medical school class, Dr. Pestana has a doctorate in surgery from the University of Minnesota and did a 5-year surgical residency at the Mayo Clinic. He has received over 40 teaching awards and prizes for teaching excellence. In the early 1990s he was a member of the Comprehensive Part II Committee of the National Board of Medical Examiners that designed what is now the clinical component of the USMLE Step 2 exam. Dr. Pestana is also the author of Fluids and Electrolytes in the Surgical Patient, which has been translated into Spanish, Italian, and Greek