Bunyaviridae is a family of arthropod-borne or rodent-borne, spherical, enveloped RNA viruses. Bunyaviruses are responsible for a number of febrile diseases ...NCBISkiptomaincontentSkiptonavigationResourcesHowToAboutNCBIAccesskeysMyNCBISignintoNCBISignOutNCBIBookshelf.AserviceoftheNationalLibraryofMedicine,NationalInstitutesofHealth.BaronS,editor.MedicalMicrobiology.4thedition.Galveston(TX):UniversityofTexasMedicalBranchatGalveston;1996.MedicalMicrobiology.4thedition.ShowdetailsBaronS,editor.Galveston(TX):UniversityofTexasMedicalBranchatGalveston;1996.ContentsSearchtermChapter56BunyavirusesRobertE.Shope.GeneralConceptsClinicalManifestationsBunyavirusescausefeverssometimeswithrash.Inaddition,Crimean-Congohemorrhagicfevervirusmaycausehemorrhage;RiftValleyfevervirusmaycausehemorrhagichepatitis,encephalitis,orblindness;LaCrossevirusandrelatedvirusesmaycauseencephalitis;andHantaanvirusandrelatedvirusesmaycausehemorrhageandrenalfailureorthehantaviruspulmonarysyndrome.StructureBunyavirusesarespherical,envelopedparticles90to100nmindiameter.Theycontainthreesegmentsofantisense(andsometimesambisense)single-strandedRNAcombinedwithnucleoprotein.Twoexternalglycoproteinsformsurfaceprojections.Avirus-encodedtranscriptaseispresentinthevirion.ClassificationandAntigenicTypesTherearefourgenera—Bunyaviruses,Phlebovirus,Nairovirus,andHantavirus—whichinclude35serogroupswithatleast304typesandsubtypes.MultiplicationBunyavirusesreplicateinthecytoplasm.TheirRNAgenomeistranscribedtomRNA.ThehostRNAsequenceinsomerepresentativevirusesprimesviralmRNAsynthesis.BunyavirusesmaturebybuddingintovesiclesatorneartheGolgiapparatus.ReassortmentofRNAsegmentsoccursbetweencloselyrelatedmembers.PathogenesisFeveraccompaniesviremia,whichseedstheliverinRiftValleyfeverandCrimean-Congohemorrhagicfever.Encephalitis,retinitis,andrenalinvolvementusuallyappearlaterininfection(afterantibodyformation).Morespecificmechanismsofpathogenesisarenotknown.HostDefensesInterferonisanearlydefensemechanism.Viremiaceaseswi

The family Bunyaviridae comprises over 200 viruses (serotypes, subtypes, and varieties) that infect vertebrates and/or invertebrates.Clipboard,SearchHistory,andseveralotheradvancedfeaturesaretemporarilyunavailable.SkiptomainpagecontentCOVID-19InformationPublichealthinformation(CDC)Researchinformation(NIH)SARS-CoV-2data(NCBI)Preventionandtreatmentinformation(HHS)Español AccesskeysNCBIHomepageMyNCBIHomepageMainContentMainNavigationSearch:SearchAdvancedClipboardUserGuideSaveEmailSendtoClipboardMyBibliographyCollectionsCitationmanagerDisplayoptionsDisplayoptionsFormatAbstractPubMedPMIDSavecitationtofileFormat:Summary(text)PubMedPMIDAbstract(text)CSVCreatefileCancelEmailcitationSubject:1selecteditem:6165702-PubMedTo:Format:SummarySummary(text)AbstractAbstract(text)MeSHandotherdataSendemailCancelAddtoCollectionsCreateanewcollectionAddtoanexistingcollectionNameyourcollection:Namemustbelessthan100charactersChooseacollection:UnabletoloadyourcollectionduetoanerrorPleasetryagainAddCancelAddtoMyBibliographyMyBibliographyUnabletoloadyourdelegatesduetoanerrorPleasetryagainAddCancelYoursavedsearchNameofsavedsearch:Searchterms:TestsearchtermsWouldyoulikeemailupdatesofnewsearchresults?SavedSearchAlertRadioButtonsYesNoEmail:(change)Frequency:MonthlyWeeklyDailyWhichday?ThefirstSundayThefirstMondayThefirstTuesdayThefirstWednesdayThefirstThursdayThefirstFridayThefirstSaturdayThefirstdayThefirstweekdayWhichday?SundayMondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridaySaturdayReportformat:SummarySummary(text)AbstractAbstract(text)PubMedSendatmost:1item5items10items20items50items100items200itemsSendevenwhentherearen'tanynewresultsOptionaltextinemail:SaveCancelCreateafileforexternalcitationmanagementsoftwareCreatefileCancelYourRSSFeedNameofRSSFeed:Numberofitemsdisplayed:510152050100CreateRSSCancelRSSLinkCopyFulltextlinksS.KargerAG,Basel,SwitzerlandFulltextlinksActionsCiteFavoritesDisplayoptionsDisplayoptionsFormatAbstractPubMedPMIDSharePermalinkCopyPagenavigationTitle&authorsAbstractSimilararticlesCitedbyP

Bunyaviridae(布尼亞病毒科). Bunyavirus(布尼亞病毒屬). La cosses virus. DNA/RNA. (-)ssRNA片段 三段負股 RNA(L，M，S). envelope(封套蛋白).首頁(Home)醫學(medicine)人體組成物質(componentsofhuman)全身性概論(非個別系統)(Introductiontobody)神經系統(nervoussystem)循環系統(circulatorysystem)消化系統(digestivesystem)內分泌系統(endocrinesystem)表皮系統(epidermissystem)免疫系統(Immunesystem)骨骼系統(skeletalsystem)肌肉系統(muscularsystem)呼吸系統(respiratorysystem)生殖系統(reproductivesystem)泌尿系統(urinarysystem)法律(law)憲法(Constitution)行政法(Administrativelaw)民法(CivilLaw)民事訴訟法(Civilprocedure)刑法(Criminallaw)刑事訴訟法(CriminalProcedure)公司法(CompaniesLaw)票據法(NegotiableInstrumentsAct)證券交易法(SecuritiesandExchangeAct)國際公法(Publicinternationallaw)法學英文(LegalEnglish)語言(Language)德文(German)日文(Japanese)英文(English)藥學(pharmacy)遊戲(Games)交通模擬(Simutrans)Superstarracing世紀帝國2-征服者入侵(AgeofEmpiresII:TheConquerors)會計(Accounting)資產(Assets)費用(Expenses)負債(Liabilities)業主權益(Owners'equity)收入(Revenue)實驗(experiment)地理(Geography)空白地圖(Blankmap)氣候圖(Climograph)GIS地圖(GISmap)疾病(disease)全站介紹IntroductionBunyaviridae(布尼亞病毒科)分類　　　Baltimore分類GroupV　　科/屬/種[使用時斜體]Bunyaviridae(布尼亞病毒科)Bunyavirus(布尼亞病毒屬)LacossesvirusDNA/RNA(-)ssRNA片段三段負股RNA(L，M，S)　　envelope(封套蛋白)有，無matrixprotein(基質蛋白)-->形狀不規則　　Capsid形狀Helicalsymmetry　　Penetration方式　　　uncoating方式　　　核酸釋放　　　Genomicactivation　　　Assembly(組裝)位置　　　Release(釋出)secretorypathway(分泌方式)離開細胞，病毒顆粒被包裹在高爾基氏體分泌囊泡中，並藉由囊泡和細胞膜融合來釋放到細胞外　　incubationperiod　　　感染源被節肢動物咬傷而感染　　vectorTransovarialtransmmition：在節肢動物中會垂直感染，當卵一孵出來，幼蟲即帶有病毒蚊子　感染方式　　　病理現象　　　primarysite　　　targetsite　　　造成病害方式　　　疾病初階段病毒血症會有類流感症狀次級病毒血症會讓病毒跑到中樞神經、器官及血管內皮熱病，腦炎，發燒性紅疹　流行病學人畜共通，哺乳類及節肢動物細胞中複製地區性流行囓齒類、小型哺乳類、靈長類　診斷血清學診斷為主病毒中和試驗：比較配對血清的陽轉反應ELISART-PCR　　治療控制病毒血症：抗體預防感染發生：干擾素、細胞免疫　　預防控制病媒數量與少去病媒存在的地區為主要防治策略　　備註五個屬，包含至少200種相關的病毒，有共同的形態及基本組成　　分類　　　Baltimore分類　　　科/屬/種[使用時斜體]PhelobovirusRiftvalleyfevervirus(裂谷熱病毒)NairovirusDNA/RNA　　　envelope(封套蛋白)　　　Capsid形狀　　　Penetration方式　　　uncoating方式　　　核酸釋放　　　Genomicactivation　　　Assembly(組裝)位置　　　Release(釋出)　　　incubationperiod　　　感染源　　　vector白蛉　tick感染方式　　　病理現象　　　primarysite　　　targetsite　　　造成病害方式　　　疾病白蛉熱、出

The Bunyaviridae are a very large family of single-strand, enveloped RNA viruses (more than 300 viruses) and consists of five genera of ...SkipdirectlytositecontentSkipdirectlytopageoptionsSkipdirectlytoA-ZlinkSkipdirectlytoA-ZlinkSkipdirectlytoA-ZlinkViralHemorrhagicFevers(VHFs)SectionNavigationCDCHomeFacebookTwitterLinkedInSyndicateBunyaviridaeMinusRelatedPagesTheBunyaviridaeareaverylargefamilyofsingle-strand,envelopedRNAviruses(morethan300viruses)andconsistsoffivegeneraofviruses:Orthobunyavirus,Phlebovirus,Nairovirus,Hantavirus,andTospovirus(Tospovirusesinfectonlyplants).Theyarefoundinandtransmittedbyarthropods(e.g.mosquitoes,ticks,sandflies)androdents,andcanoccasionallyinfecthumans.SeveralvirusesoftheBunyaviridaevirusfamilycanproducemildtoseverediseaseinhuman,inanimals,andsometimesinboth.Thisisthebasefortherequirementsofhandlingsomeofthesevirusesinhighcontainment(BiosafetyLevel3orevenBiosafetylevel4).AmongthePhleboviruses,RiftValleyfevervirus,wasfirstisolatedin1930aspartofalargeoutbreakamongsheepinEastAfrica.Thisvirus,transmittedbymosquitoes,isendemic(present)innearlyallthecountriesinsub-SaharanAfrica.Humanisolatedcasesandlargeepidemics(domesticlivestockandhuman)havebeendescribedinseveralcountriesandevenintheArabicpeninsula.Crimean-Congohemorrhagicfever(CCHF)virus,oftheNairovirusgenus,wasfirstrecognizedintheCrimeanpeninsula(inthesouthofpresentdayUkraine)inanoutbreakofhemorrhagicfeveramongagriculturalworkers.Thesameviruswasisolatedin1956fromasinglepatientinpresentdayDemocraticRepublicofCongoinKenya,leadingtotheactualnaming.Althoughanimalandhumancanbeinfected,onlythelaterdevelopadisease.Thevirusistransmittedbytick,buthuman-to-humantransmissionofthevirusisverycharacteristic.Hantaviruseswerefirstobservedintheearly1950’samongtroopsdeployedintheKoreanconflict.EventuallynamedHantaanvirusafterthenearbyHantaanRiverwherethehumancasesoccurred,thefieldmouse(Apodemusagrarius)wasdiscoveredtobethespecificrodenthostforthevirus.ThediseaseisactuallyknownasHemorrhagicfeverwithrena

Bunyavirus, any virus belonging to the family Bunyaviridae. Bunyaviruses have enveloped virions measuring 80–120 nm in diameter.BunyavirusSectionsArticleIntroduction&QuickFactsAdditionalInfoMoreArticlesOnThisTopicContributorsArticleHistoryHomeScienceBiologyFungi,Protists&VirusesBunyavirusvirusgroupPrintCiteverifiedCiteWhileeveryefforthasbeenmadetofollowcitationstylerules,theremaybesomediscrepancies.Pleaserefertotheappropriatestylemanualorothersourcesifyouhaveanyquestions.SelectCitationStyleMLAAPAChicagoManualofStyleCopyCitationShareShareSharetosocialmediaFacebookTwitterURLhttps://www.britannica.com/science/bunyavirusMoreGiveFeedbackExternalWebsitesFeedbackCorrections?Updates?Omissions?Letusknowifyouhavesuggestionstoimprovethisarticle(requireslogin).FeedbackTypeSelectatype(Required)FactualCorrectionSpelling/GrammarCorrectionLinkCorrectionAdditionalInformationOtherYourFeedbackSubmitFeedbackThankyouforyourfeedbackOureditorswillreviewwhatyou’vesubmittedanddeterminewhethertorevisethearticle.JoinBritannica'sPublishingPartnerProgramandourcommunityofexpertstogainaglobalaudienceforyourwork!ExternalWebsitesNationalCenterforBiotechnologyInformation-BunyavirusesStanfordUniversity-HumanDiseasesassociatedwithBunyaviridaeByTheEditorsofEncyclopaediaBritannicaViewEditHistoryRelatedTopics:HantavirusPhlebovirusNairovirusOrthobunyavirusCatQuevirus...(Showmore)FullArticleBunyavirus,anyvirusbelongingtothefamilyBunyaviridae.Bunyaviruseshaveenvelopedvirions(virusparticles)thatareabout80–120nm(1nm=10−9metre)indiameter.Thenucleocapsid(consistingofaproteinshell,orcapsid,andviralnucleicacids)ishelicalandelongated.Thebunyavirusgenomeismadeupofthreesegments(large,medium,andsmall)containingsingle-strandednegative-senseRNA(ribonucleicacid).ThegenomeencodesanendogenousRNApolymeraseenzymethatisusedtotranscribethenegative-senseRNAintopositive-senseRNA,whichcanthenbeusedforthetranslation,orsynthesis,ofproteins.Thebunyavirusfamilycontainsfivegenera:Orthobunyavirus,Phlebovirus,Nairovirus,Tospovirus,andH

Bunyaviridae are transmitted by hematophagous arthropods including mosquitoes, midges, flies, and ticks. The viral incubation period is about 48 hours.BunyaviralesFromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopediaJumptonavigationJumptosearchOrderofnegative-sensesingle-strandedRNAvirusesBunyaviralesCrimean-Congohemorrhagicfevervirus(CCHFV)virionandreplicationcycleVirusclassification(unranked):VirusRealm:RiboviriaKingdom:OrthornaviraePhylum:NegarnaviricotaSubphylum:PolyploviricotinaClass:EllioviricetesOrder:BunyaviralesFamilies[1]ArenaviridaeCruliviridaeFimoviridaeHantaviridaeLeishbunyaviridaeMypoviridaeNairoviridaePeribunyaviridaePhasmaviridaePhenuiviridaeTospoviridaeWupedeviridaeBunyaviralesisanorderofsegmentednegative-strandRNAviruseswithmainlytripartitegenomes.Membervirusesinfectarthropods,plants,protozoans,andvertebrates.[2]ItistheonlyorderintheclassEllioviricetes.[1]ThenameBunyaviralesderivesfromBunyamwera,[3]wheretheoriginaltypespeciesBunyamweraorthobunyaviruswasfirstdiscovered.[4]EllioviricetesisnamedinhonoroflatevirologistRichardM.Elliottforhisearlyworkonbunyaviruses.[5]BunyavirusesbelongtothefifthgroupoftheBaltimoreclassificationsystem,whichincludesviruseswithanegative-sense,single-strandedRNAgenome.Theyhaveanenveloped,sphericalvirion.Thoughgenerallyfoundinarthropodsorrodents,certainvirusesinthisorderoccasionallyinfecthumans.Someofthemalsoinfectplants.[6]Inaddition,thereisagroupofbunyaviruseswhosereplicationisrestrictedtoarthropodsandisknownasinsect-specificbunyaviruses.[7]Amajorityofbunyavirusesarevector-borne.WiththeexceptionofHantavirusesandArenaviruses,allvirusesintheBunyaviralesorderaretransmittedbyarthropods(mosquitos,tick,orsandfly).Hantavirusesaretransmittedthroughcontactwithrodentfeces.Incidenceofinfectioniscloselylinkedtovectoractivity,forexample,mosquito-bornevirusesaremorecommoninthesummer.[6]HumaninfectionswithcertainmembersofBunyavirales,suchasCrimean-Congohemorrhagicfeverorthonairovirus,areassociatedwithhighlevelsofmorbidityandmortality,consequentlyhandlingoft