Lassa fever is an acute viral haemorrhagic illness of 2-21 days duration that occurs in West Africa. · The Lassa virus is transmitted to humans via ...Home/Newsroom/Factsheets/Detail/LassafeverLassafever31July2017KeyfactsLassafeverisanacuteviralhaemorrhagicillnessof2-21daysdurationthatoccursinWestAfrica.TheLassavirusistransmittedtohumansviacontactwithfoodorhouseholditemscontaminatedwithrodenturineorfaeces.Person-to-personinfectionsandlaboratorytransmissioncanalsooccur,particularlyinhospitalslackingadequateinfectionpreventionandcontrolmeasures.LassafeverisknowntobeendemicinBenin,Ghana,Guinea,Liberia,Mali,SierraLeone,andNigeria,butprobablyexistsinotherWestAfricancountriesaswell.Theoverallcase-fatalityrateis1%.Observedcase-fatalityrateamongpatientshospitalizedwithseverecasesofLassafeveris15%.Earlysupportivecarewithrehydrationandsymptomatictreatmentimprovessurvival.BackgroundThoughfirstdescribedinthe1950s,theviruscausingLassadiseasewasnotidentifieduntil1969.Thevirusisasingle-strandedRNAvirusbelongingtothevirusfamilyArenaviridae.About80%ofpeoplewhobecomeinfectedwithLassavirushavenosymptoms.1in5infectionsresultinseveredisease,wherethevirusaffectsseveralorganssuchastheliver,spleenandkidneys.Lassafeverisazoonoticdisease,meaningthathumansbecomeinfectedfromcontactwithinfectedanimals.Theanimalreservoir,orhost,ofLassavirusisarodentofthegenusMastomys,commonlyknownasthe“multimammaterat.”MastomysratsinfectedwithLassavirusdonotbecomeill,buttheycanshedthevirusintheirurineandfaeces.Becausetheclinicalcourseofthediseaseissovariable,detectionofthediseaseinaffectedpatientshasbeendifficult.Whenpresenceofthediseaseisconfirmedinacommunity,however,promptisolationofaffectedpatients,goodinfectionpreventionandcontrolpractices,andrigorouscontacttracingcanstopoutbreaks.LassafeverisknowntobeendemicinBenin(whereitwasdiagnosedforthefirsttimeinNovember2014),Ghana(diagnosedforthefirsttimeinOctober2011),Guinea,Liberia,Mali(diagnosedforthefirsttimeinFebruary2009),SierraLeone,andNigeria,butprobablyexists

Everything you need to know about Lassa fever ... Lassa fever is an acute, viral disease carried by a type of rat that is common in West Africa. It can be life- ...EverythingyouneedtoknowaboutLassafeverMedicallyreviewedbyJillSeladi-Schulman,Ph.D.—WrittenbyTimNewmanonJune27,2018WhatisLassafever?CausesSymptomsDiagnosisTreatmentPreventionLassafeverisanacute,viraldiseasecarriedbyatypeofratthatiscommoninWestAfrica.Itcanbelife-threatening.Itisahemorrhagicvirus,whichmeansitcancausebleeding,although8outofevery10peoplewiththevirushavenosymptoms.Ifitaffectstheliver,kidneys,orspleen,itcanbefatal.ThediseaseisendemictoanumberofWestAfricancountries.Roughestimatessuggesttherearebetween100,000and300,000casesofLassafevereachyearinWestAfrica,andapproximately5,000deathsduetothedisease.InsomeareasofLiberiaandSierraLeone,10to16percentofallhospitaladmissionsareduetoLassafever,indicatingaseriousandwidespreadimpactinthoseareas.In2015,apersonreturningfromLiberiatotheU.S.receivedadiagnosisofLassafever.Internationaltravelhasincreasedtheriskofdiseasesspreadingfromonecountrytoanother.Thisarticlewilllookatthecauses,symptoms,diagnosis,andtreatmentofLassafever.FastfactsonLassafeverLassafevercausesaround5,000deathsperyear.Itisspreadthroughthefecesandurineofthemultimammaterat(Mastomysnatalensis).ItismostcommoninSierraLeone,Liberia,Guinea,andNigeria.Symptomsarevariedandincludepulmonary,cardiac,andneurologicalproblems.WhatisLassafever?ShareonPinterestLassafeverisaviralhemorrhagicdisease.Itcanbeserious.LassafeverwasfirstdiscoveredinNigeria,whentwomissionarynursesbecameillwiththevirusin1969.ItsnameisderivedfromthevillageofLassa,whereitwasfirstdocumented.LassafeverisaviralinfectioncarriedbythemultimammateratMastomysnatalensis(M.natalensis).ThisisoneofthemostcommonrodentsinequatorialAfrica,foundacrossmuchofsub-SaharanAfrica.LassafevermainlyoccursinSierraLeone,Liberia,Guinea,andNigeria.However,theMastomysratiscommoninneighboringcountries,sotheseareasarealsoatrisk.CausesOnceaMastomysratisinfectedwiththeviru

Lassa fever is an acute viral haemorrhagic illness caused by Lassa virus, a member of the arenavirus family of viruses. It is transmitted to humans from contacts ...Home/Healthtopics/LassafeverOverviewLassafeverisanacuteviralhaemorrhagicillnesscausedbyLassavirus,amemberofthearenavirusfamilyofviruses.  HumansusuallybecomeinfectedwithLassavirusthroughexposuretofoodorhouseholditemscontaminatedwithurineorfaecesofinfectedMastomysrats.ThediseaseisendemicintherodentpopulationinpartsofWestAfrica.  LassafeverisknowntobeendemicinBenin,Ghana,Guinea,Liberia,Mali,SierraLeone,TogoandNigeria,butprobablyexistsinotherWestAfricancountriesaswell.  Person-to-personinfectionsandlaboratorytransmissioncanalsooccur,particularlyinhealthcaresettingsintheabsenceofadequateinfectionpreventionandcontrolmeasures.  Diagnosisandprompttreatmentareessential.Theoverallcase-fatalityrateis1%.AmongpatientswhoarehospitalizedwithsevereclinicalpresentationofLassafever,case-fatalityisestimatedataround15%.Earlysupportivecarewithrehydrationandsymptomatictreatmentimprovessurvival. About80%ofpeoplewhobecomeinfectedwithLassavirushavenosymptoms.1in5infectionsresultinseveredisease,wherethevirusaffectsseveralorganssuchastheliver,spleenandkidneys.   SymptomsTheincubationperiodofLassafeverrangesfrom2–21days.Theonset,whenitissymptomatic,isusuallygradual,startingwithfever,generalweaknessandmalaise.Afterafewdays,headache,sorethroat,musclepain,chestpain,nausea,vomiting,diarrhoea,cough,andabdominalpainmayfollow.Inseverecasesfacialswelling,fluidinthelungcavity,bleedingfromthemouth,nose,vaginaorgastrointestinaltractandlowbloodpressuremaydevelop. Proteinmaybenotedintheurine.Shock,seizures,tremor,disorientationandcomamaybeseeninthelaterstages.Deafnessoccursin25%ofrecoveredpatients.Inhalfofthesecases,hearingreturnspartiallyafter1–3months.Transienthairlossandgaitdisturbancemayoccurduringrecovery. Deathusuallyoccurswithin14daysinfatalcases.Thediseaseisseverelateinpregnancy,withmaternaldeathand/orfoetallossinmorethan80%ofcasesduri

Lassa fever is a viral haemorrhagic fever transmitted by rats. It has been known since the 1950s, but the virus was not identified until 1969, when two missionary ...NCBISkiptomaincontentSkiptonavigationResourcesHowToAboutNCBIAccesskeysMyNCBISignintoNCBISignOutJournalListBMJv.327(7426);2003Nov29PMC286250BMJ.2003Nov29;327(7426):1271–1275.doi: 10.1136/bmj.327.7426.1271PMCID:PMC286250PMID:14644972Lassafever:epidemiology,clinicalfeatures,andsocialconsequencesJKayRichmond,freelanceconsultant1andDeborahJBaglole,healthadviser2JKayRichmond124LlantrisantRise,Llandaff,CardiffCF52PGFindarticlesbyJKayRichmondDeborahJBaglole2Merlin,Borough,LondonSE11DBFindarticlesbyDeborahJBagloleAuthorinformationCopyrightandLicenseinformationDisclaimer124LlantrisantRise,Llandaff,CardiffCF52PG2Merlin,Borough,LondonSE11DBCorrespondenceto:JKRichmondmoc.tenretnitb@h4fdnomhciryaKCopyright©2003,BMJPublishingGroupLtd.Thisarticlehasbeencorrected.SeeBMJ.2004October2;329(7469):773.Thisarticlehasbeencorrected.SeeBMJ.2004January10;328(7431):96.ThisarticlehasbeencitedbyotherarticlesinPMC.AssociatedDataSupplementaryMaterialsFiguresandtablesbmj_327_7426_1271__.html(8.8K)GUID: 1A0B8E91-311B-48F3-8557-F578D1909173bmj_327_7426_1271__figure1.gif(30K)GUID: 1FDD4A71-86A3-41AF-97B3-E7E97671E068bmj_327_7426_1271__figure2.gif(59K)GUID: 7189FC21-3EBF-4D6F-BFC2-25149EC2F2BDbmj_327_7426_1271__figure3.gif(12K)GUID: 131704FE-842E-4931-9358-321D9D3C5556LassafeverisendemicinwestAfrica,whereitprobablykillsseveralthousandpeopleeachyear.Withaccesstotheregionimproving,theopportunity,andtheneed,toimproveourunderstandingofthisdiseaseareincreasingLassafeverisaviralhaemorrhagicfevertransmittedbyrats.Ithasbeenknownsincethe1950s,buttheviruswasnotidentifieduntil1969,whentwomissionarynursesdiedfromitinthetownofLassainNigeria.FoundpredominantlyinwestAfrica,1ithasthepotentialtocausetensofthousandsofdeaths.Evenafterrecovery,thevirusremainsinbodyfluids,includingsemen.1TheyearsofcivilunrestinSierraLeone(1991-2002)haltedtheinvestigation(throu

Lassa fever is an acute viral hemorrhagic fever, zoonotic infectious disease and is endemic in parts of West Africa. Though the disease was firstly described in ...首頁Diseases&ConditionsImportantDiseasesHomeHomeAboutCDCAboutCDCAboutCDCAboutCDCPoliciesNHCCActsandRegulationsActsandRegulationsActsandRegulationsActsRegulationsDirectionsPublicationsPublicationsPublicationsBooksPeriodicalsOthersDiseases&ConditionsDiseases&ConditionsDiseases&ConditionsImportantDiseasesTravelers’HealthQuarantineQuarantineQuarantineBackgroundObjectivesStrategiesLawsandRegulationsTravelHealthNoticesForeigners’HealthInfectionControlandBiosafetyVaccine-PreventableDiseasesControlPrograms&CampaignsPrograms&CampaignsPrograms&CampaignsResearch&DevelopmentStopTBSpecialProjectPreparednessandResponseFieldEpidemiologyTrainingProgramFieldEpidemiologyTrainingProgramFieldEpidemiologyTrainingProgramFieldEpidemiologyTrainingProgramResearchReportsInternship(training)ProgramsGuidelinesData&StatisticsData&StatisticsData&StatisticsTaiwanNationalInfectiousDiseaseStatisticsSystemStatisticsofHIV/AIDSDiseaseSurveillanceExpressInfluenzaExpressNationalNotifiableDiseaseSurveillanceReportNationalNotifiableDiseaseSurveillanceReportNationalNotifiableDiseaseSurveillanceReportYearlyReportMonthlyReportWeeklyReportofEnterovirusInfectionWeeklyReportofEnterovirusInfectionWeeklyReportofEnterovirusInfectionWeeklyReport2021WeeklyReport2020WeeklyReport2019WeeklyReport2018WeeklyReport2017WeeklyReport2016WeeklyReport2015WeeklyReport2014WeeklyReport2013WeeklyReport2012WeeklyReport2011WeeklyReport2010WeeklyReport2009WeeklyReport2008School-basedSurveillanceReportTaiwanNosocomialInfectionsSurveillanceSystemTaiwanCDCOpenDataPortalInternationalCooperationInternationalCooperationInternationalCooperationTaiwanIHRNationalFocalPointContactInformationInternationalCooperationInternationalConferenceAPECRelatedEventsForeignVisitorsRelativeResourcesSchoolVisitsNewsNewsNewsPressReleasesCurrentTopicsEventsPrivacyPolicySecurityPolicyGovernmentWebsiteO

Lassa fever, also known as Lassa hemorrhagic fever (LHF), is a type of viral hemorrhagic fever caused by the Lassa virus. Many of those infected by the virus do ...LassafeverFromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopediaJumptonavigationJumptosearchViraldiseasespreadbyatypeofmouseLassafeverOthernamesLassahemorrhagicfeverCommunityeducationmaterialforLassafeverSpecialtyInfectiousdiseaseSymptomsFever,headaches,bleeding[1]ComplicationsPartialorcomplete,temporaryorpermanenthearingloss[1]Usualonset1–3weeksfollowingexposure[1]CausesLassavirus[1]RiskfactorsExposuretorodentsinWestAfrica[1]DiagnosticmethodLaboratorytesting[1]DifferentialdiagnosisEbola,malaria,typhoidfever[1]TreatmentSupportive[1]Prognosis~1%riskofdeathwithtreatment[1]Frequency400,000casesperyear[2]Deaths5,000deathsperyear[2]Lassafever,alsoknownasLassahemorrhagicfever(LHF),isatypeofviralhemorrhagicfevercausedbytheLassavirus.[1]Manyofthoseinfectedbythevirusdonotdevelopsymptoms.[1]Whensymptomsoccurtheytypicallyincludefever,weakness,headaches,vomiting,andmusclepains.[1]Lesscommonlytheremaybebleedingfromthemouthorgastrointestinaltract.[1]Theriskofdeathonceinfectedisaboutonepercentandfrequentlyoccurswithintwoweeksoftheonsetofsymptoms.[1]Ofthosewhosurvive,aboutaquarterhavehearingloss,whichimproveswithinthreemonthsinabouthalfofthesecases.[1]Thediseaseisusuallyinitiallyspreadtopeopleviacontactwiththeurineorfecesofaninfectedmultimammatemouse.[1]Spreadcanthenoccurviadirectcontactbetweenpeople.[1]Diagnosisbasedonsymptomsisdifficult.[1]Confirmationisbylaboratorytestingtodetectthevirus'sRNA,antibodiesforthevirus,orthevirusitselfincellculture.[1]OtherconditionsthatmaypresentsimilarlyincludeEbola,malaria,typhoidfever,andyellowfever.[1]TheLassavirusisamemberoftheArenaviridaefamilyofviruses.[1]Thereisnovaccine.[3]Preventionrequiresisolatingthosewhoareinfectedanddecreasingcontactwiththemice.[1]Othereffortstocontrolthespreadofdiseaseincludehavingacattohuntvermin,andstoringfoodinsealedcontainers.[1]Treatmentisdirectedataddressingdehydrationand

Lassa fever is an animal-borne, or zoonotic, acute viral illness. It is endemic in parts of West Africa including Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea and Nigeria.SkipdirectlytositecontentSkipdirectlytopageoptionsSkipdirectlytoA-ZlinkSkipdirectlytoA-ZlinkSkipdirectlytoA-ZlinkLassaFeverSectionNavigationCDCHomeFacebookTwitterLinkedInSyndicateLassaFeverFrenchMinusRelatedPagesLassafeverisananimal-borne,orzoonotic,acuteviralillness.ItisendemicinpartsofWestAfricaincludingSierraLeone,Liberia,GuineaandNigeria.Neighboringcountriesarealsoatrisk,astheanimalvectorforLassavirus,the“multimammaterat”(Mastomysnatalensis)isdistributedthroughouttheregion.Theillnesswasdiscoveredin1969andisnamedafterthetowninNigeriawherethefirstcasesoccurred.Anestimated100,000to300,000infectionsofLassafeveroccurannually,withapproximately5,000deaths.SurveillanceforLassafeverisnotstandardized;therefore,theseestimatesarecrude.InsomeareasofSierraLeoneandLiberia,itisknownthat10-16%ofpeopleadmittedtohospitalsannuallyhaveLassafever,demonstratingtheseriousimpactthediseasehasontheregion.TransmissionPeopleareinfectedthroughcontactwithaninfectedrodent...SignsandSymptomsSymptomsofLassafevertypicallyoccur1-3weeksafterexposuretothevirus...RiskofExposurePeopleatgreatestriskarethosewholiveinWestAfrica,anendemicregionforLassafever...DiagnosisTypicallyLassafeverisdiagnosedusingenzyme-linkedimmunosorbentserologicassays(ELISA)...TreatmentRibavirinhasbeenusedwithsuccessinLassafeverpatients...PreventionLassafeverispreventedbyavoidingcontactwithMastomysrodents...OutbreakDistributionMapResourcesWhatyouneedtoknowaboutLassaFeverCdc-pdf[PDF–2pages]Factsheet:LassaFeverCdc-pdf[PDF–3pages]TrainingVideosforLassaFever—EarnContinuingEducationCreditTheEpidemiologyandClinicalPresentationofLassaFever:InformationforMedicalProvidersDiagnosingandTreatingLassaFever:InformationforMedicalProvidersPagelastreviewed:January31,2019Contentsource:CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,NationalCenterforEmergingandZoonoticInfectiousDiseases(NCEZID),Divisionof

拉薩熱（英語：Lassa fever）或拉薩出血熱（英語：Lassa hemorrhagic fever, LHF），台湾译为拉萨热，是一種由拉薩病毒（英语：Lassa virus）所引起的病毒性 ...拉薩熱維基百科，自由的百科全書跳至導覽跳至搜尋拉薩熱同義詞拉薩出血熱拉薩熱的衛生教育海報，上面說：「你可能因為接觸，切開，玩耍老鼠屍體而得感染拉薩熱」症狀發燒、頭痛、出血[1]併發症耳聾[1]常見始發於暴露後1-3週[1]類型arenavirushemorrhagicfever[*],院內感染,病毒性出血熱,病毒感染肇因拉薩病毒[1]風險因子暴露齧齒動物在西非[1]診斷方法體格檢查,病毒培養相似疾病或共病伊波拉、瘧疾、傷寒[1]治療支持療法[1]預後1%的死亡比例[1]盛行率每年約40萬件案例[2]死亡數每年約5,000人死亡[2]分類和外部資源醫學專科感染性疾病ICD-9-CM078.89DiseasesDB7272Orphanet99824[編輯此條目的維基數據]拉薩熱（英語：Lassafever）或拉薩出血熱（英語：Lassahemorrhagicfever,LHF），中國大陸及香港譯為拉沙熱，是一種由拉薩病毒（英語：Lassavirus）所引起的病毒性出血熱[1]。

為生物性危害第四級病毒，大部分被此病毒感染的人不會出現症狀[1]。

出現症狀時，通常會發燒、虛弱、頭痛、嘔吐和肌肉疼痛[1]。

偶爾也會有口腔或腸胃道的出血[1]。

感染後死亡的風險約為百分之一，並且經常在症狀出現後兩週內發生。

[1]約四分之一的倖存者中，耳聾的發病率隨著時間的推移而提高了一半左右[1]。

拉薩熱常透過受感染的多乳頭大鼠（英語：Natalmultimammatemouse）的尿液或糞便傳播給人類。

其天然動物宿主為納塔柔毛鼠（英語：NatalMultimammateMouse）（Mastomysnatalensis），這種齧齒類動物是南撒赫爾地區的原生種[3]。

而受感染者可以透過直接傳觸傳染給未感染者[1]。

只基於症狀來診斷是很困難的[1]。

確診需通過實驗室檢驗來檢測病毒的RNA、病毒的抗體或透過細胞培養來找出抗體[1]。

其他可能出現類似的病症包括伊波拉出血熱、瘧疾、傷寒熱和黃熱病[1]。

而拉薩病毒是沙狀病毒科的一員[1]。

拉薩熱目前尚未有疫苗[4]。

預防方式是隔離已受感染的人，並減少與老鼠接觸，也包括養貓來捕捉老鼠，以及將食物保存在密封容器中[1]。

治療主要在解決脫水和改善症狀。

抗病毒藥物ribavirin越早給藥，可能越有用[1]。

而這些措施皆能改善結果[1]。

這種疾病的描述可追溯到1950年代。

[1]該病毒於1969年首次在奈及利亞博爾諾州的拉薩（Lassa）發生的拉薩案件中描述到[1][5]。

這個疾病和伊波拉一樣[6]，一直到臨床病徵出現超過十年之後才確認為病毒性疾病。

拉薩熱的首次報告是在1950年代，但是直到1969年拉薩病毒才在兩名死亡的奈及利亞護士身上分離出來。

[7]。

拉薩熱在西非國家相對普遍，包括奈及利亞、賴比瑞亞、獅子山、幾內亞和迦納等國[1][2]。

大約有30萬至50萬件案例，每年導致約5,000人死亡[2]。

由於發生率極高，此疾病為非洲的主要衛生問題之一[8][9]。

目錄1病徵其症狀2病因3註釋4參考文獻5參見6外部連結病徵其症狀[編輯]在此疾病中，有80%是無症狀的，剩下的20%則可能誘發併發症。

每年約有5000人死於拉薩熱，在疫區的醫院內，發燒造成死亡的人數達罹難者人數的1/3，為總病患人數的10~16%。

[10]潛伏期約為6至21天左右，此後多處器官產生急性症狀。

非特殊症狀包含發燒、臉部腫脹、肌肉無力、結膜炎，和黏膜出血等等，其他症狀包括：腸胃道噁心嘔吐（出血性）腹瀉（出血性）腹痛便祕吞嚥困難肝炎心血管疾病心包炎高血壓低血壓心跳過快呼吸道咳嗽胸痛呼吸困難喉炎（英語：Pharyngitis）胸膜炎神經系統腦炎腦膜炎單側或雙側聽力受損痙攣臨床上，拉薩熱的症狀與其他病毒性出血熱（如伊波拉出血熱、馬爾堡病毒，或是瘧疾等等）很難區分。

拉薩熱病毒在患病後3至9周可在尿液中發現，而精液則是3個月。

病因[編輯]Mastomysnatalensis，拉薩熱

拉薩熱是由拉薩病毒(Lassa virus)造成的一種急性病毒性出. 血熱疾病，具高致死性. • 首次拉薩熱病例報告在1950年代，但是直到1969年拉薩病. 毒才在2名死亡的 ...拉薩熱核心教材-20170518奉核.pdf拉薩熱核心教材-20170518奉核.pdf下載