lylei and Horsfield's roundleaf bat (Hipposideros larvatus) in Thailand.9 Antibodies to a Nipah-like virus have been found in sera from fruit bats collected in India, ...%PDF-1.4%âãÏÓ21220obj<>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<<0c2209de1b12cb664c629b3add4ba228>]>>startxref0%%EOF21230obj<>endobj21240obj<>/Encoding<>>>/DA(/Helv0Tf0g)>>endobj21600obj<>streamH‰ÌVkTçþ¾Ùe\DÑ̬à‚ÊEP°Èe•ÈM›Š¢¥Š€@Œ÷EEWC=Q¬‰1´ÕÔ4Þ¨!–“`«IŽ…M“œI…F¬éé;ߚæôœögÏÉðãe¾Ëó¾ïó

Nipah virus is an emerging zoonotic pathogen that causes severe febrile encephalitis resulting in death in 40% to 75% of human cases. Nipah virus is consid.AdvertisementSearchSpringerLinkSearchNipahvirus:Impact,origins,andcausesofemergenceDownloadPDFDownloadPDFAbstractNipahvirusisanemergingzoonoticpathogenthatcausesseverefebrileencephalitisresultingindeathin40%to75%ofhumancases.Nipahvirusisconsideredabiosafetylevel-4pathogenandislistedasaselectagentwithhighriskforpublichealthandsecurityduetoitshighmortalityrateinpeopleandthelackofeffectivevaccinesortherapies.ThenaturalreservoirforNipahvirusandrelatedmembersofthegenusHenipavirusarefruitbatsofthegenusPteropus.NipahvirusemergedinMalaysiain1998asaporcineneurologicandrespiratorydiseasethatspreadtohumanswhohadcontactwithlive,infectedpigs.Researchreviewedinthispapersuggeststhatanthropogenicfactors,includingagriculturalexpansionandintensification,weretheunderlyingcausesofitsemergence.Nipahvirushascausedfivesubsequentoutbreaksbetween2001and2005inBangladesh.Here,itappearstohavespilledoverdirectlyfrombatstohumans,andperson-to-persontransmissionisevidentsuggestingaheightenedpublichealthrisk.DownloadtoreadthefullarticletextReferencesandRecommendedReading1.SmolinskiMS,HamburgMA,LederbergJ:MicrobialThreatstoHealth:Emergence,Detection,andResponse.WashingtonD.C.:TheNationalAcademiesPress;2003.GoogleScholar 2.TaylorLH,LathamSM,WoolhouseMEJ:Riskfactorsforhumandiseaseemergence.PhilosTransRSocLondBBiolSci2001,356:983–989.Thispaperprovidesoneofthefirstanalysesoftrendsinglobaldiseaseemergence.Itdemonstratesthataround75%ofemergingdiseasesarezoonoticandprovidesdatatosuggestthatcertainpathogensaremorelikelytoemergethanothers.PubMed Article CAS GoogleScholar 3.MorensDM,FolkersGK,FauciAS:Thechallengeofemergingandre-emerginginfectiousdiseases.Nature2004,430:242–249.PubMed Article CAS GoogleScholar 4.WeissRA,McMichaelAJ:Socialandenvironmentalriskfactorsintheemergenceofinfectiousdiseases.NatMed2004,10:S70-S76.PubMed Article CAS GoogleScholar 5.Mo

PDF | Nipah virus was discovered during an outbreak of respiratory and neurological disease in Malaysia and Singapore in 1998–1999 ...HomeVirusHenipavirusParamyxoviridaeRNAVirusMononegaviralesParamyxovirinaeNipahVirusArticlePDFAvailableNipahVirusEmergence,Transmission,andPathogenesisJanuary2015DOI:10.1007/978-1-4939-2410-3_7Authors:EmmiedeWitVincentMunsterNationalInstituteofAllergyandInfectiousDiseasesDownloadfull-textPDFReadfull-textDownloadfull-textPDFReadfull-textDownloadcitationCopylinkLinkcopiedReadfull-textDownloadcitationCopylinkLinkcopiedCitations(3)References(134)Figures(4)AbstractandFiguresNipahviruswasdiscoveredduringanoutbreakofrespiratoryandneurologicaldiseaseinMalaysiaandSingaporein1998–1999involving276humancases,with106fatalities.Since2001,outbreaksofNipahvirusdiseasehaveoccurredalmosteveryyearinBangladeshwithcase-fatalityratesupto90%.Humandiseaseischaracterizedbybothrespiratoryandneurologicalsymptoms;effectivevaccinesortreatmentsarecurrentlyunavailable.Twodifferenttransmissioncyclesfromthenaturalhost,fruitbats,tohumanshavebeenproposed.InMalaysia,pigsfunctionedasanintermediateandamplifyinghostandhuman-to-humantransmissionwasnotdescribed.InBangladesh,Nipahvirusisthoughttobetransmittedviaconsumptionofdatepalmjuicecontaminatedbybatsduringcollection,withsubsequenthuman-to-humantransmissioninanestimated50%ofcases.ThischapterprovidesanoverviewofthecurrentknowledgeonNipahvirus,withaspecialfocusontheemergence,transmission,andpathogenesisofNipahvirus.Outbreakinterventionstrategiesandtreatmentoptionsarealsodiscussed.ProposedNipahvirustransmissioncycleinBangladesh.PteropidfruitbatsarethenaturalreservoirofNipahvirus.Duringthecollectionofdatepalmsap,fruitbatsdrinkfromthesapandcontaminatethesapwithNipahvirusthroughsaliva,urine,orfeces.PeopledrinkingthedatepalmsapbecomeinfectedwithNipahvirusandtransmitthevirustoclosecontacts… NipahvirustransmissioncycleinMalaysia.PteropidfruitbatsarethenaturalreservoirofNipahvirus.Batsroostinginfruittreesonpigfarmstransmittedtheviru

PDF | On Jan 1, 2013, Giangaspero M published Nipah Virus | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate.ArticlePDFAvailableNipahVirusJanuary2013TropicalMedicine&Surgery01(04)DOI:10.4172/2329-9088.1000129Authors:MassimoGiangasperoUniversitàdegliStudidiTeramoDownloadfull-textPDFReadfull-textDownloadfull-textPDFReadfull-textDownloadcitationCopylinkLinkcopiedReadfull-textDownloadcitationCopylinkLinkcopiedCitations(9)References(69)Figures(1)FiguresDatepalmsapharvesters,knownasgachisinBangladesh.… Figures-uploadedbyMassimoGiangasperoAuthorcontentAllfigurecontentinthisareawasuploadedbyMassimoGiangasperoContentmaybesubjecttocopyright.Discovertheworld'sresearch20+millionmembers135+millionpublications700k+researchprojectsJoinforfreePublicFull-text1ContentuploadedbyMassimoGiangasperoAuthorcontentAllcontentinthisareawasuploadedbyMassimoGiangasperoonApr16,2015Contentmaybesubjecttocopyright.ResearchArticleOpenAccessGiangaspero,TropMedSurg2013,1:4http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2329-9088.1000129ReviewArticleOpenAccessTropicalMedicine&SurgeryVolume1•Issue4•1000129TropMedSurgISSN:2329-9088TPMS,anopenaccessjournalKeywords:Henipavirus;Nipahvirus;ParamyxoviridaeIntroductionMorethan60%ofthenewlyidentiedinfectiousagentsthathaveaectedpeopleoverthepastfewdecadeshavebeencausedbypathogensoriginatingfromanimalsoranimalproducts.Ofthesezoonoticinfections,70%originatefromwildlife.Batshavebeenrecognizedtobeimportantreservoirofzoonoticviruses,includingEbola,Marburg,SARSandMelakaviruses[1-4].Furthermore,batsmaybethesourceofthenewMiddleEastRespiratorySyndrome(MERS)coronavirusrecentlyreportedresponsibleoflethalcasesinhumansinMiddle-EastandEurope[5].Inthiscontext,NipahVirus(NiV)representsanothernewemergingzoonosis,oneofthemostimportantbat-bornepathogensdiscoveredinrecenthistory.In1998adangerousnewvirusemergedinMalaysia[6].InitiallythoughttobeaformofJapaneseEncephalitis,itwaslateridentiedasanewzoonoticdiseaseandnamedNipahaerthevillageof“SungaiNipah”whereitwasrstidentied[7].Similarly,a