Colorectal cancer (CRC), also known as bowel cancer, colon cancer, or rectal cancer, is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum Signs and ...ColorectalcancerFromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopediaJumptonavigationJumptosearchCancerofthecolonorrectumColorectalcancerOthernamesColoncancer,rectalcancer,bowelcancerLocationandappearanceoftwoexamplecolorectaltumorsSpecialtyGastroenterologyGeneralsurgeryOncologySymptomsvomitingblood,Bloodinthestool,changeinbowelmovements,weightloss,fatigue.[1]CausesOldage,lifestylefactors,geneticdisorders[2][3]RiskfactorsDiet,obesity,smoking,lackofphysicalactivity,alcoholuse[2][4]DiagnosticmethodTissuebiopsyduringasigmoidoscopyorcolonoscopy[1]PreventionScreeningfromageof50to75[5]TreatmentSurgery,radiationtherapy,chemotherapy,targetedtherapy[6]PrognosisFive-yearsurvivalrate65%(US)[7]Frequency9.4million(2015)[8]Deaths551,000(2018)[9]Colorectalcancer(CRC),alsoknownasbowelcancer,coloncancer,orrectalcancer,isthedevelopmentofcancerfromthecolonorrectum(partsofthelargeintestine).[6]Signsandsymptomsmayincludebloodinthestool,achangeinbowelmovements,weightloss,andfatigue.[1]Mostcolorectalcancersareduetooldageandlifestylefactors,withonlyasmallnumberofcasesduetounderlyinggeneticdisorders.[2][3]Riskfactorsincludediet,obesity,smoking,andlackofphysicalactivity.[2]Dietaryfactorsthatincreasetheriskincluderedmeat,processedmeat,andalcohol.[2][4]Anotherriskfactorisinflammatoryboweldisease,whichincludesCrohn'sdiseaseandulcerativecolitis.[2]Someoftheinheritedgeneticdisordersthatcancausecolorectalcancerincludefamilialadenomatouspolyposisandhereditarynon-polyposiscoloncancer;however,theserepresentlessthan5%ofcases.[2][3]Ittypicallystartsasabenigntumor,oftenintheformofapolyp,whichovertimebecomescancerous.[2]Bowelcancermaybediagnosedbyobtainingasampleofthecolonduringasigmoidoscopyorcolonoscopy.[1]Thisisthenfollowedbymedicalimagingtodeterminewhetherthediseasehasspread.[6]Screeningiseffectiveforpreventinganddecreasingdeathsfromcolorectalcancer.[5]Screening,byoneofa