Shigella dysenteriae is a species of the rod-shaped bacterial genus Shigella. ... Shigella species can cause shigellosis (bacillary dysentery). Shigellae are Gram- ...ShigelladysenteriaeFromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopediaJumptonavigationJumptosearchBacterialspeciesShigelladysenteriaeDark-fieldmicroscopyrevealingShigelladysenteriaebacteria.ScientificclassificationKingdom:BacteriaPhylum:ProteobacteriaClass:GammaproteobacteriaOrder:EnterobacteralesFamily:EnterobacteriaceaeGenus:ShigellaSpecies:S. dysenteriaeBinomialnameShigelladysenteriae(Shiga1897)Castellani&Chalmers1919Thisarticleneedsadditionalcitationsforverification.Pleasehelpimprovethisarticlebyaddingcitationstoreliablesources.Unsourcedmaterialmaybechallengedandremoved.Findsources: "Shigelladysenteriae" – news ·newspapers ·books ·scholar ·JSTOR(February2010)(Learnhowandwhentoremovethistemplatemessage)Shigelladysenteriaeisaspeciesoftherod-shapedbacterialgenusShigella.[1][page needed]Shigellaspeciescancauseshigellosis(bacillarydysentery).ShigellaeareGram-negative,non-spore-forming,facultativelyanaerobic,nonmotilebacteria.[2]S.dysenteriaehastheabilitytoinvadeandreplicateinvariousspeciesofepithelialcellsandenterocytes.[3]Contents1Epidemiology2Signsandsymptoms3Diagnosis4Treatment5Seealso6References7ExternallinksEpidemiology[edit]Shigellainfectionsmaybecontractedbyalackofmonitoringofwaterandfoodquality,unsanitarycookingconditionsandimproperhygienepractices.[4]S.dysenteriaespreadsthroughcontaminatedwaterandfood,causesminordysenterybecauseofitsShigatoxin,butotherspeciesmayalsobedysenteryagents.[5]S.dysenteriaereleasesanexotoxinthatcompromisesthegutandcentralnervoussystem.[6]Ifactingasanenterotoxin,diarrheawilloccur.Whenactingasaneurotoxin,severecasesofshigellosisaredeveloped,inducingcomasandmeningismus.[6]Contaminationisoftencausedbybacteriaonunwashedhandsduringfoodpreparation,orsoiledhandsreachingthemouth.[citationneeded]Signsandsymptoms[edit]ThemostcommonlyobservedsignsassociatedwithShigelladysenteryincludecolitis,malnut