Retinaldetachmentisadisorderoftheeyeinwhichtheretinapeelsawayfromitsunderlyinglayerofsupporttissue.Initialdetachmentmaybelocalizedorbroad,butwithoutrapidtreatmenttheentireretinamaydetach,leadingtovisionlossandblindness.Itisamedicalemergency.Permanentdamagemayoccur,ifthedetachmentisnotrepairedwithin24–72hours.Theretinaisathinlayeroflightsensitivetissueonthebackwalloftheeye.Theopticalsystemoftheeyefocuseslightontheretinamuchlikelightisfocusedonthefilmorsensorinacamera.Theretinatranslatesthatfocusedimageintoneuralimpulsesandsendsthemtothebrainviatheopticnerve.Occasionally,posteriorvitreousdetachment,injuryortraumatotheeyeorheadmaycauseasmalltearintheretina.Thetearallowsvitreousfluidtoseepthroughitundertheretina,andpeelitawaylikeabubbleinwallpaper.PotentialcausesorriskfactorsAIDSCataractsurgeryDiabeticretinopathyEclampsiaFamilyhistoryofretinaldetachmentHomocysteinuriaMalignanthypertensionMetastaticcancer,whichspreadstotheeyeRetinoblastomaSevereMyopiaSmokingandPassivesmokingSticklersyndromeVonHippel-LindaudiseaseTypesRhegmatogenousretinaldetachment–Arhegmatogenousretinaldetachmentoccursduetoabreakintheretinathatallowsfluidtopassfromthevitreousspaceintothesubretinalspacebetweenthesensoryretinaandtheretinalpigmentepithelium.Retinalbreaksaredividedintothreetypes–holes,tearsanddialyses.Holesformduetoretinalatrophyespeciallywithinanareaoflatticedegeneration.Tearsareduetovitreoretinaltraction.Dialysesareveryperipheralandcircumferential,andmaybeeithertractionaloratrophic.Theatrophicformmostoftenoccursasidiopathicdialysisoftheyoung.Exudative,serous,orsecondaryretinaldetachment–Anexudativeretinaldetachmentoccursduetoinflammation,injuryorvascularabnormalitiesthatresultsinfluidaccumulatingunderneaththeretinawithoutthepresenceofahole,tear,orbreak.Inevaluationofretinaldetachmentitiscriticaltoexcludeexudativedetachmentassurgerywillmakethesituationworse,notbetter.Althoughrare,exudativedetachmentcanbecausedbythegrowthofatumoronthelayersoftissuebeneaththeretina,namelythechoroid.Thiscance