Chlamydia trachomatis is a gram-negative bacterium that infects the columnar epithelium of the cervix, urethra, and rectum, ...Advertisement<< PreviousarticleNextarticle >>Dec15,2012Issue  ChlamydiaTrachomatisInfections:Screening,Diagnosis,andManagement RANITMISHORI,MD,MHS;ERICAL.McCLASKEY,MD,MS;andVINCEJ.WINKLERPRINS,MD,GeorgetownUniversitySchoolofMedicine,Washington,DistrictofColumbiaAmFamPhysician. 2012 Dec 15;86(12):1127-1132. Patientinformation:Ahandoutonthistopicisavailableathttps://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-conditions/chlamydia.html.AbstractGenitourinaryInfectionsPulmonaryInfectionOcularInfectionReferencesArticleSectionsAbstractGenitourinaryInfectionsPulmonaryInfectionOcularInfectionReferencesChlamydiatrachomatisisagram-negativebacteriumthatinfectsthecolumnarepitheliumofthecervix,urethra,andrectum,aswellasnongenitalsitessuchasthelungsandeyes.ThebacteriumisthecauseofthemostfrequentlyreportedsexuallytransmitteddiseaseintheUnitedStates,whichisresponsibleformorethan1millioninfectionsannually.Mostpersonswiththisinfectionareasymptomatic.Untreatedinfectioncanresultinseriouscomplicationssuchaspelvicinflammatorydisease,infertility,andectopicpregnancyinwomen,andepididymitisandorchitisinmen.Menandwomencanexperiencechlamydia-inducedreactivearthritis.Treatmentofuncomplicatedcasesshouldincludeazithromycinordoxycycline.Screeningisrecommendedinallwomenyoungerthan25years,inallpregnantwomen,andinwomenwhoareatincreasedriskofinfection.Screeningisnotcurrentlyrecommendedinmen.Inneonatesandinfants,thebacteriumcancauseconjunctivitisandpneumonia.Adultsmayalsoexperienceconjunctivitiscausedbychlamydia.Trachomaisarecurrentocularinfectioncausedbychlamydiaandisendemicinthedevelopingworld.Chlamydiatrachomatisisagram-negativebacteriumthatinfectsthecolumnarepitheliumofthecervix,urethra,andrectum,aswellasnongenitalsites.ThebacteriumisthecauseofthemostfrequentlyreportedsexuallytransmitteddiseaseintheUnitedStates,1andistheleadingcauseofinfectiousblindnessintheworld.2Accordingtot