Relapsing fever typically refers to malaria-like illnesses caused by various spirochetes belonging to Borrelia species and characterized by ...NCBISkiptomaincontentSkiptonavigationResourcesHowToAboutNCBIAccesskeysMyNCBISignintoNCBISignOutNCBIBookshelf.AserviceoftheNationalLibraryofMedicine,NationalInstitutesofHealth.StatPearls[Internet].TreasureIsland(FL):StatPearlsPublishing;2021Jan-.StatPearls[Internet].ShowdetailsTreasureIsland(FL):StatPearlsPublishing;2021Jan-.SearchtermRelapsingFeverJessicaSnowden;SivaNagaS.Yarrarapu;TonyI.Oliver.AuthorInformationAuthorsJessicaSnowden1;SivaNagaS.Yarrarapu2;TonyI.Oliver3.Affiliations1UniversityofNebraskaMedicalCenter2MayoClinic3UniversityOfSouthDakotaLastUpdate:January5,2021.ContinuingEducationActivityRelapsingfevertypicallyreferstomalaria-likeillnessescausedbyvariousspirochetesbelongingtoBorreliaspeciesandcharacterizedbyrecurrentfevers,chills,andmalaise.Thecausativeorganismandassociatedvectorvarybasedonthegeographicareaofexposure.Borreliarecurrentisisthecauseofepidemicrelapsingfever,whichisreportedmostfrequentlyinnorthernandeasternAfrica.Tick-bornerelapsingfeverisreportedintheUnitedStatesandcanbecausedbyseveralspecies,includingBorreliahermsii,Borreliaturicatae,andBorreliaparkeri.Regardlessofthespecificcausativeorganism,relapsingfeveristreatedwithdoxycycline100milligrams(mg)twiceadayforseventotendays.Inchildrenundereightyearsofage,penicillinorerythromycinmaybepreferredagentsduetotheconcernofdentalstainingwithdoxycyclineuse.Itisimportanttoobservepatientsforseveralhoursaftertheinitiationofantibiotictherapy,asJarisch-Herxheimerreactioniscommon.Jarisch-Herxheimerreactionisasepsis-likeresponsetothereleaseofinflammatorycontentsfromwithinthebacteriaafterlysisbyantibiotics.Itisrarelyfatalandmanagedwithsupportivecare.Thisreactionismorecommoninadolescentsthaninyoungerchildren.Borreliainfectionsmayalsobeself-limitedandresolvewithouttreatmentinsomecases.Objectives:Reviewthetypicalpresentationofrelapsingfever.DescribetheJarisch-Herxheimerrea