The total lifetime prevalence of conduct disorder was found to be 0.78%. Also, significant associations were observed between conduct disorder ...AdvertisementSearchSpringerLinkSearchAbstractTheaimwastoevaluatethelifetimeprevalenceofconductdisorderaccordingtosociodemographiccharacteristics,determinethesociodemographicpredictorsofconductdisorder,andestimatetheratesofcomorbiditiesofpsychiatricdisordersinchildrenandadolescentswithconductdisorderbyageandgender.TheNationalEpidemiologyofIranianChildrenandAdolescentsPsychiatricDisorderswasacross-sectional,generalpopulation-basedstudyon30,532childrenandadolescentsaged6–18yearsfromallprovincesofIran,whichwasdoneusingmultistageclustersampling.Iraniancitizensaged6–18yearswhoresidedatleast1yearineachprovincewereincluded,andchildrenandadolescentswithseverephysicalillnessesthatpreventedthemtoparticipateinthestudywereexcluded.Thesampleweightingadjustmentwasused,sincewehadrandomlyselectedtheequalnumberof1000participantsofeachprovincefromtheurbanandruralareas.Trainedpsychologistsconducteddiagnosticinterviewswiththeadolescentsandthechildren’sparentsusingthePersianversionoftheKiddieScheduleforAffectiveDisordersandSchizophreniaforSchool-AgeChildren—PresentandLifetimeVersion(K-SADS—PL).Inthisstudy,54childrenaged6–9years(0.58%,CI0.47–0.77),64adolescentsaged10–14years(0.57%,CI0.47–0.77),and117adolescentsaged15–18years(1.22%,CI0.96–1.44)metthecriteriaofthelifetimeconductdisorder.Conductdisorderwassignificantlymorecommoninboysthaningirls,andwassignificantlylessprevalentamongthoseparticipantswhosefathershadnohistoryofpsychiatrichospitalization.Oftheparticipantswithconductdisorder,83.4%metthecriteriaforatleastoneotherpsychiatricdisorder.Conductdisorderhadahighrateofcomorbiditywithoppositionaldefiantdisorder(54.89%,CI48.50–61.12),attention-deficit/hyperactivitydisorder(32.34%,CI26.68–38.56),tobaccouse(20.43%,CI15.77–26.04),anddepressivedisorders(18.30%,CI13.88–23.74).Becauseofusingthediagnosticinstrument,wefoundalowtotalrateofprevalenceforcond