Spinal disc herniation | Herniated disc

Disc herniation is normally a further development of a previously existing disc protrusion, in which the outermost layers of the annulus fibrosus are still intact, but ...SpinaldischerniationFromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopediaJumptonavigationJumptosearchDisease"Slippeddisc"redirectshere.Forotheruses,seeSlippeddisc(disambiguation).MedicalconditionSpinaldischerniationOthernamesSlippeddisc,bulgingdisc,ruptureddisc,herniateddisc,prolapseddisc,herniatednucleuspulposusSpecialtyOrthopedics,neurosurgeryRiskfactorsConnectivetissuediseaseSpinaldischerniationisaninjurytothecushioningandconnectivetissuebetweenvertebrae,usuallycausedbyexcessivestrainortraumatothespine.Itmayresultinbackpain,painorsensationindifferentpartsofthebody,andphysicaldisability.ThemostconclusivediagnostictoolfordischerniationisMRI,andtreatmentmayrangefrompainkillerstosurgery.Protectionfromdischerniationisbestprovidedbycorestrengthandanawarenessofbodymechanicsincludingposture.[medicalcitationneeded]Whenatearintheouter,fibrousringofanintervertebraldiscallowsthesoft,centralportiontobulgeoutbeyondthedamagedouterrings,thediscissaidtobeherniated.Discherniationisfrequentlyassociatedwithage-relateddegenerationoftheouterring,knownastheannulusfibrosus,butisnormallytriggeredbytraumaorstrainingbyliftingortwisting.[1]Tearsarealmostalwaysposterolateral(onthebacksides)owingtorelativenarrownessoftheposteriorlongitudinalligamentrelativetotheanteriorlongitudinalligament.[2]Atearinthediscringmayresultinthereleaseofchemicalscausinginflammation,whichcanresultinseverepainevenintheabsenceofnerverootcompression.Discherniationisnormallyafurtherdevelopmentofapreviouslyexistingdiscprotrusion,inwhichtheoutermostlayersoftheannulusfibrosusarestillintact,butcanbulgewhenthediscisunderpressure.Incontrasttoaherniation,noneofthecentralportionescapesbeyondtheouterlayers.Mostminorherniationshealwithinseveralweeks.Anti-inflammatorytreatmentsforpainassociatedwithdischerniation,protrusion,bulge,ordiscteararegenerallyeffective.Severeherniationsmay

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