ShigellosisFromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopediaJumptonavigationJumptosearchShigellosisOthernamesBacillarydysentery,MarlowsyndromeShigellaseeninastoolsampleSpecialtyInfectiousdiseaseSymptomsDiarrhea,fever,abdominalpain[1]ComplicationsReactivearthritis,sepsis,seizures,hemolyticuremicsyndrome[1]Usualonset1–2dayspostexposure[1]DurationUsually5–7days[1]CausesShigella[1]DiagnosticmethodStoolculture[1]PreventionHandwashing[1]TreatmentDrinkingfluidsandrest[1]MedicationAntibiotics(severecases)[1]Frequency>80million[2]Deaths700,000[2]ShigellosisisaninfectionoftheintestinescausedbyShigellabacteria.[1][3]Symptomsgenerallystartonetotwodaysafterexposureandincludediarrhea,fever,abdominalpain,andfeelingtheneedtopassstoolsevenwhenthebowelsareempty.[1]Thediarrheamaybebloody.[1]Symptomstypicallylastfivetosevendaysanditmaytakeseveralmonthsbeforebowelhabitsreturnentirelytonormal.[1]Complicationscanincludereactivearthritis,sepsis,seizures,andhemolyticuremicsyndrome.[1]ShigellosisiscausedbyfourspecifictypesofShigella.[2]Thesearetypicallyspreadbyexposuretoinfectedfeces.[1]Thiscanoccurviacontaminatedfood,water,orhandsorsexualcontact.[1][4]Contaminationmaybespreadbyfliesorwhenchangingdiapers(nappies).[1]Diagnosisisbystoolculture.[1]Theriskofinfectioncanbereducedbyproperlywashingthehands.[1]Thereisnovaccine.[1]Shigellosisusuallyresolveswithoutspecifictreatment.[1]Sufficientfluidsbymouthandrestisrecommended.[1]Bismuthsubsalicylatemayhelpwiththesymptoms;however,medicationsthatslowthebowelssuchasloperamidearenotrecommended.[1]Inseverecasesantibioticsmaybeusedbutresistanceiscommon.[1][5]Commonlyusedantibioticsincludeciprofloxacinandazithromycin.[1]Globallyshigellosisoccursinatleast80millionpeopleandresultsinabout700,000deathsayear.[2]Mostcasesoccurinthedevelopingworld.[2]Youngchildrenaremostcommonlyaffected.[1]Outbreaksofdiseasemayoccurinchildcaresettingsandschools.[1]Itisalsorelativelycommonamongtravelers.[1]IntheUnitedStatesabouthalfamillioncasesoccurayear.[1]Contents1Signsandsymptoms2Cause2.1Bact