Old and new macrolides are effective against C. pneumoniae and have been recommended as first-line treatment. New fluoroquinolones are also ...SkiptomaincontentAdvertisementSearchallBMCarticlesSearchDownloadPDFCasereportOpenAccessPublished:17January2012SuccessfultreatmentofChlamydophilapneumoniaeacuterespiratorydistresssyndromewithextracorporealmembraneoxygenator:acasereportanddiagnosticreviewDavidDeBels1,PhilippeGottignies1,MarijkeReynders2,SébastienRoques1,StephanWilmin1,Véronique-YvetteMiendjeDeyi3,SophieJamart1&JacquesDevriendt1 JournalofMedicalCaseReportsvolume 6,Article number: 20(2012)Citethisarticle18kAccessesMetricsdetailsAbstractIntroductionChlamydophilapneumoniaeisarespiratorypathogenknowntoinfecttheupperandlowerrespiratorytracts.Infectionseveritycanrangefromsub-clinicalpulmonaryinfectiontoacuterespiratorydistresssyndrome.CasepresentationApreviouslyhealthy62-year-oldCaucasianmanwasadmittedtoourhospitalforacuterespiratoryfailure.Serumsamplesobtainedeveryweekstartingfromthedayofadmissionshowedclear-cutseroconversionforC.pneumoniaeantibodies.Allotherculturesobtainedduringthefirstdaysofhospitalizationwerenegative.Despitemaximalventilatorysupport(highpositiveendexpiratorypressure,fractionofinspiredoxygenof1.0,nitricoxideinhalation,neuromuscularblockingagentsandpronepositioning),ourpatientremainedseverelyhypoxemic,whichledustoinitiateanextracorporealmembraneoxygenationtreatment.Extracorporealmembraneoxygenationandhemodiafiltrationwerewithdrawnonday12.Ourpatientwasextubatedonday18anddischargedfromourIntensiveCareUnitonday20.Hewenthomeamonthlater.ConclusionWedescribethefirstpublishedcaseofacuterespiratorydistresssyndromeduetoC.pneumoniaeinfectionsuccessfullytreatedbyextracorporealmembraneoxygenation,averyusefultoolinthissyndrome.AquickandspecificmethodforthedefinitediagnosisofChlamydophilainfectionshouldbedeveloped.PeerReviewreportsIntroductionChlamydophilapneumoniaeisanobligateintracellularGram-negativebacterium.Thespectrumofdisease,inadditiontopneumoniaandinflu