Type II hypersensitivity, also known as antibody-mediated cytotoxic hypersensitivity, is caused by immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies ...Learn.Apply.Retain.Yourpathtoachievemedicalexcellence.StudyformedicalschoolandboardswithLecturioUSMLEStep1  |  USMLEStep2  |  COMLEXLevel1  |  COMLEXLevel2  |  ENARM  |  NEET  CreateyourfreeaccountContinueLearningTheLecturioMedicalConceptLibraryTypeIIHypersensitivityReactionTypeIIHypersensitivityReactionTypeIIhypersensitivity,alsoknownasantibody-mediatedcytotoxichypersensitivity,iscausedbyimmunoglobulinG(IgG)andIgMantibodiesdirectedagainstantigensoncellsorextracellularmaterials.Thereactionleadstocytotoxicprocessesinvolvingantibodiesandthecomplementsystem.Interferencewiththenormalcellularoperationgeneratingeitherstimulatoryorinhibitorydysfunctionisanothermechanismthatoccurs.Theincitingantigencanbeintrinsicorpartofthehostcell.Extrinsicantigenssuchasbloodproductsormedicationscanprovokeasimilarreaction.Fordiagnosis,laboratorytestsandinvasiveproceduresareutilized,dependingonthesystemaffected.Managementofresultingdiseaserangesfromsupportivecaretoantibiotics,immunosuppressivemedications,andsurgery.Lastupdate:September9,202012:34pmTableofContentsSharethisconcept:ShareonfacebookShareontwitterShareonlinkedinShareonredditShareonemailShareonwhatsappOverviewHypersensitivityreactionA“hyper”orexaggeratedresponsetowhatshouldbeconsideredharmlessenvironmentalantigensTypesI,II,andIIIareimmediatereactionsoccurringwithin24hours.TypeIVreactiondevelopsoverseveraldays.TypeIIhypersensitivityreactionHypersensitivityreactionmediatedbyimmunoglobulinM(IgM)andIgGantibodies(Ab)thatbindto:Intrinsicantigensoncellsurfaces(e.g.,RBCs) orextracellularmaterials(e.g.,basementmembrane)Extrinsicantigens(e.g.,bloodproducts,drugs)Antibody(AB)-antigencomplexleadstoprocessesresultingincelllysis,tissuedamage,and/ordysfunction.Relatedvideos1:42IntroductiontoHypersensitivity4:42Hypersensitivity:TypesPathophysiologyActivationofthecomplementsystemThefollowingmechanismsaretr