Structure, Cell Entry and Egress of Lassa Fever Virus. Lead Research Organisation: University of Oxford. Department Name: Structural Biology.FBB6E497-0DFD-470D-BF56-94DC9E8B68FDPhilippsUniversityofMarburgPhillipsUniverstaetMarburgBeigenstrasse10MarburgD-35032OutsideUKGermany31BAAEA1-1BCB-4D42-B1B3-4FC2539E6F43PublicHealthEnglandPortonDownSalisburyWiltshireSP40JGSouthWestUnitedKingdom3EAE04CA-9D62-4483-B9C4-F91AD9F4C5A9UniversityofOxfordStructuralBiologyUniversityChestWellingtonSquareOxfordOX12JDSouthEastUnitedKingdomRO3EAE04CA-9D62-4483-B9C4-F91AD9F4C5A9UniversityofOxfordUniversityChestWellingtonSquareOxfordOX12JDSouthEastUnitedKingdomLEAD_ROFBB6E497-0DFD-470D-BF56-94DC9E8B68FDPhilippsUniversityofMarburgPhillipsUniverstaetMarburgBeigenstrasse10MarburgD-35032OutsideUKGermanyCOLLABORATOR31BAAEA1-1BCB-4D42-B1B3-4FC2539E6F43PublicHealthEnglandPortonDownSalisburyWiltshireSP40JGSouthWestUnitedKingdomCOLLABORATOR5813E8E7-5DC9-41E5-9DCE-DE79D5204162JuhaHuiskonen0000-0002-0348-7323PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORF232A815-C2A7-4AED-B451-EC73B16035A4ThomasAlexanderBowdenCO_INVESTIGATOR52652956-D830-47CE-B96C-793B1E99CB07Structure,CellEntryandEgressofLassaFeverVirusClosedResearchGrantMR/J007897/1LassavirusisthecausativeagentofaseriousdiseasecalledLassafever,anacuteandhemorrhagicfeveraffectingupto500,000peopleandkillingthousandsofpeopleinWest-Africaeachyear.Itiscarriedbyratsscavengingaroundhomesinepidemicareas,andspreadstohumansoftenthroughcontaminatedfoodorinhaleddriedraturineorfeces.Duetoitshighmortality,andthefactthatitcanspreadthroughairasaerosols,itisalsoaseriousriskthatLassaviruscouldbeusedasabiologicalweapon.Despiteitshighmedicalrelevanceandpotentialbiologicalthreats,therearenoapprovedvaccinesorspecificanti-viraltherapiesagainstLassavirus.SeveralbasicquestionsaboutLassavirusbiologyremainunanswered.Thisislargelyduetothehighpathogenicityofthisvirus,necessitatingallhandlingtobecarriedoutinlaboratorieswithultra-highbiosafety,whicharenotwidelyavailable.Inthisproject,wearecollaboratingwi

What. A 10-year Lassa virus research project has yielded structural and functional details of a key viral surface protein that could help advance ...SkiptomaincontentSiteMenuHomeHealthInformationHealthInfoLinesFindHealthServicesHealthCare.govNIHClinicalResearchTrialsandYouTalkingtoYourDoctorScienceEducationResourcesCommunityResourcesClearHealthA–ZPublicationsListMore»SearchHealthTopicsQuickLinksMedlinePlusHealthInfoNIHNewsinHealthWellnessToolkitsGrants&FundingGrantsHomePageFindFundingDueDatesHowtoApplyAboutGrantsPolicy&ComplianceGrantsNews/BlogContractsLoanRepaymentMore»SearchtheNIHGuideQuickLinksRePORTeRACommonsNIHCommonFundNews&EventsNewsReleasesDigitalMediaKitsMediaResourcesMediaContactsImagesandB-rollEventsSocialMediaMore»QuickLinksNIHNewsinHealthNIHResearchMattersNIHRecordResearch&TrainingMedicalResearchInitiativesScienceHighlightsScienceEducationResearchinNIHLabs&ClinicsTrainingOpportunitiesLibraryResourcesResearchResourcesClinicalResearchResourcesSafety,RegulationandGuidanceMore»QuickLinksPubMedStemCellInformationOppNetNIDBNIHBlueprintforNeuroscienceResearchInstitutesatNIHListofInstitutes,Centers&OfficesNIHOfficeoftheDirectorDirectorsofNIHInstitutesandCentersNIHInstituteandCenterContactInformationMore»QuickLinksNCINEINHLBINHGRINIANIAAANIAIDNIAMSNIBIBNICHDNIDCDNIDCRNIDDKNIDANIEHSNIGMSNIMHNIMHDNINDSNINRNLMCCCITCSRFICNCATSNCCIHODAboutNIHWhoWeAreWhatWeDoJobsatNIHVisitorInformationFrequentlyAskedQuestionsContactUsMore»QuickLinksTheNIHDirectorTheNIHAlmanacNIH…TurningDiscoveryIntoHealth®ImpactofNIHResearchScience,Health,andPublicTrust COVID-19GetthelatestpublichealthinformationfromCDCGetthelatestresearchinformationfromNIH|EspañolNIHstaffguidanceoncoronavirus(NIHOnly)YouarehereHome»News&Events»NewsReleasesNewsReleasesMediaAdvisoryFriday,June2,2017DetailsofLassavirusstructurecouldinformdevelopmentofvaccines,therapiesAhumanantibodyfromanAfricansurvivor(teal)isshownanchoringtothebaseoftheLassavirussurfaceprotein,lockingitinpositiontopreventthevirusfrominfectingnewcells.

Lassa virus is a segmented negative-strand RNA virus of the family Arenaviridae. It belongs to the Old World complex of the arenaviruses, which also includes the ...SkiptomaincontentStructureandAssemblyDomainStructureofLassaVirusLProteinLindaBrunotte,MichaelaLelke,MeikeHass,KatjaKleinsteuber,BeateBecker-Ziaja,StephanGüntherLindaBrunotteDepartmentofVirology,Bernhard-Nocht-InstituteforTropicalMedicine,20359Hamburg,GermanyFindthisauthoronGoogleScholarFindthisauthoronPubMedSearchforthisauthoronthissiteMichaelaLelkeDepartmentofVirology,Bernhard-Nocht-InstituteforTropicalMedicine,20359Hamburg,GermanyFindthisauthoronGoogleScholarFindthisauthoronPubMedSearchforthisauthoronthissiteMeikeHassDepartmentofVirology,Bernhard-Nocht-InstituteforTropicalMedicine,20359Hamburg,GermanyFindthisauthoronGoogleScholarFindthisauthoronPubMedSearchforthisauthoronthissiteKatjaKleinsteuberDepartmentofVirology,Bernhard-Nocht-InstituteforTropicalMedicine,20359Hamburg,GermanyFindthisauthoronGoogleScholarFindthisauthoronPubMedSearchforthisauthoronthissiteBeateBecker-ZiajaDepartmentofVirology,Bernhard-Nocht-InstituteforTropicalMedicine,20359Hamburg,GermanyFindthisauthoronGoogleScholarFindthisauthoronPubMedSearchforthisauthoronthissiteStephanGüntherDepartmentofVirology,Bernhard-Nocht-InstituteforTropicalMedicine,20359Hamburg,GermanyFindthisauthoronGoogleScholarFindthisauthoronPubMedSearchforthisauthoronthissiteForcorrespondence:[email protected]: 10.1128/JVI.00721-10ArticleFigures&DataInfo&MetricsPDFABSTRACTThe200-kDaLproteinofarenavirusesplaysacentralroleinviralgenomereplicationandtranscription.ThisstudyaimedatprovidingevidenceforthedomainstructureofLproteinbycombiningbioinformaticswithastepwisemutagenesisapproachusingtheLassavirusminirepliconsystem.Potentialinterdomainlinkerswerepredictedusingvariousalgorithms.Thepredictionwaschallengedbyinsertionofflexiblesequencesintothepredictedlinkers.Insertionof5or10aminoacidresidueswastoleratedatsevensites(S407,G446,G467,G774,G939,S1952,andV2074in

ThisarticleispartoftheResearchTopicAntiviralsforEmergingViruses:VaccinesandTherapeuticsViewall26ArticlesArticlesLijunRongUniversityofIllinoisatChicago,UnitedStatesYechielShaiWeizmannInstituteofScience,IsraelJinsongLiuGuangzhouInstitutesofBiomedicineandHealth,ChineseAcademyofSciences(CAS),ChinaTheeditorandreviewers'affiliationsarethelatestprovidedontheirLoopresearchprofilesandmaynotreflecttheirsituationatthetimeofreview.AbstractIntroductionMaterialsandMethodsResultsDiscussionDataAvailabilityAuthorContributionsFundingConflictofInterestStatementAcknowledgmentsReferencesSuggestaResearchTopic>DownloadArticleDownloadPDFReadCubeEPUBXML(NLM)SupplementaryMaterialExportcitationEndNoteReferenceManagerSimpleTEXTfileBibTextotalviewsViewArticleImpactSuggestaResearchTopic>SHAREONOriginalResearchARTICLEFront.Microbiol.,13August2019|https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01829CrystalStructureofRefoldingFusionCoreofLassaVirusGP2andDesignofLassaVirusFusionInhibitorsXuejiaoZhang1,2†,CongWang3†,BaohuaChen1†,QianWang3,WeiXu3,ShengYe1,4,ShiboJiang3,5*,YunZhu1*andRongguangZhang1,6*1NationalLaboratoryofBiomacromolecules,InstituteofBiophysics,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing,China2CollegeofLifeSciences,UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing,China3KeyLaboratoryofMedicalMolecularVirologyofMOE/MOH/CAMS,SchoolofBasicMedicalSciencesandShanghaiPublicHealthClinicalCenter,Fudan-JinboJointResearchCenter,FudanUniversity,Shanghai,China4InterdisciplinaryInnovationInstituteofMedicineandEngineering,BeijingAdvancedInnovationCenterforBigData-BasedPrecisionMedicine,SchoolofBiologicalScienceandMedicalEngineering,BeihangUniversity,Beijing,China5LindsleyF.KimballResearchInstitute,NewYorkBloodCenter,NewYork,NY,UnitedStates6NationalCenterforProteinScienceShanghai,ShanghaiInstituteofBiochemistryandCellBiology,ShanghaiInstitutesforBiologicalSciences,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Shanghai,ChinaTheenvelopeglycoproteinsGP1andGP2ofLassavirus(LASV)bindtothehostcellreceptorstomediateviralinfection.Sofar,noapprovedvaccinesan

Structure of apo Lassa virus polymerase. DOI: 10.2210/pdb6KLC/pdb; EMDataResource: EMD-0706. Classification: VIRAL PROTEIN; Organism( ...WarningYouareusingawebbrowserthatwedonotsupport.Ourwebsitewillnotworkproperly.Pleaseupdatetoanewerversionordownloadanewwebbrowser,suchasChromeorFirefox.TogglenavigationRCSBPDBDeposit PrepareDataPDBx/mmCIFfilepdb_extractSF-ToolLigandExpoMAXITValidateDataValidationServerInformationforJournalsValidationTaskForcesDepositDatawwPDBOneDepSystemPDB-DevDepositionHelp&ResourcesDepositFAQTutorialsAnnotationPoliciesProcessingProceduresPDBx/mmCIFDictionaryChemicalComponentDictionaryPDBFormatGuideBioSyncBeamlines/FacilitiesRelatedToolsSearch BasicSearchAdvancedSearchSequenceSearchUnreleased&NewEntriesBrowseAnnotationsExploretheArchivePDBStatisticsLigandsDrugs&DrugTargetsVisualize Visualize3DViewerProteinFeatureViewGenomeViewAnalyze PairwiseStructureAlignmentProteinSymmetryStructureQualityMapGenomicPositiontoProteinPDBStatisticsEPPICBiologicalAssembliesIntegratedResourcesThirdPartyToolsDownload Coordinates&ExperimentalDataSequencesLigandsFileDownloadServicesWebServicesLearn AboutMoleculeoftheMonthBrowseallResourcesEducationalResourcesCurriculaGuidetoPDBDataNewsandEventsMore ContactUsCitingUsPoliciesAboutRCSBPDBPDBHistoryPDB50TeamMembersAdvisoryCommitteeNewsPublicationsCareersServiceStatusDocumentation GeneralHelpAdvancedSearchMol*SequenceViewersToolsProgrammaticAccessThird-partyResourcesDepositionResourcesFAQsGlossary176247BiologicalMacromolecularStructuresEnablingBreakthroughsinResearchandEducationNavigationTabsStructureSummary3DViewAnnotationsExperimentSequenceGenomeVersionsAsymmetricUnit 3DView: Structure|LigandInteractionBiologicalAssembly1  3DView: Structure|LigandInteractionGlobalSymmetry:Asymmetric-C1 GlobalStoichiometry:Monomer- A1 FindSimilarAssembliesBiologicalassembly1 assignedbyauthors.BiologicalAssemblyEvidence: gelfiltrationPreviousNextMacromoleculeContentTotalStructureWeight:253.56kDa Ato

Lassa virus is a linear, bisegmented, single-stranded RNA virus, which belong to the Arenaviridae family that causes viral hemorrhagic fever transmitted by rats.Openaccesspeer-reviewedchapterAReemergingLassaVirus:AspectsofItsStructure,Replication,PathogenicityandDiagnosisByVictorB.OtiSubmitted:February9th2018Reviewed:May23rd2018Published:November5th2018DOI:10.5772/intechopen.79072Home>Books>CurrentTopicsinTropicalEmergingDiseasesandTravelMedicineAdvertisementDownloaded:1045AdvertisementAbstractLassavirusisalinear,bisegmented,single-strandedRNAvirus,whichbelongtotheArenaviridaefamilythatcausesviralhemorrhagicfevertransmittedbyrats.ThevirusisendemicinWestAfricancountries,whichmaybeduetoitszoonoticnature.LassavirusinfectionoccursthroughcontactwiththevectorMastomysnatalensisorinfectedhumansandcanleadtowidesymptomsfromamildinfectiontoLassafeverandtoaseverefatalviralhemorrhagicfever,whichincludedelayedcellularimmunityresultingtofulminantviremia.ThevirusreplicatesthroughastrategyknownastheAmbisense,wheretwoRNAstrandscodeforgenesinboththesenseandantisensedirectionthatisrapidanddemonstratetemporalcontrolinreplication.Differentdiagnostictestsforthevirusareavailable,whichrangefromviralculturetoserologicalandmoleculardiagnostictests.ThereisanurgentneedtodevelopdrugsandvaccinesagainstthevirusbecausetheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)hasidentifiedLassavirusasoneofthevirusesthatislikelytocauseafutureepidemic,althougharesearchisongoingtoevaluateLassavirusvaccineimmunogenicityintheCBA/J-ML29mousemodel.Thischaptergivesanoverviewonthestructure,replicationcycle,pathogenesis,anddiagnosisofthevirus.KeywordsLassavirusLassafeverreplicationpathogenesisdiagnosischapterandauthorinfoAuthorVictorB.Oti*DepartmentofMicrobiology,NasarawaStateUniversity,Keffi,Nigeria*Addressallcorrespondenceto:[email protected]:10.5772/intechopen.79072FromtheEditedVolumeIntechOpenCurrentTopicsinTropicalEmergingDiseasesandTravelMedicineEditedbyAlfonsoJ.Rodriguez-MoralesCurrentTopicsinTropicalEmergingDiseasesandT

The Lassa virus particle is round, oval, or pleomorphic, 110 to 130 nm in diameter, and enveloped. Its genome consists of two single-stranded RNA segment – the large L segment and the small S segment.SkiptomaincontentCloseSearchMenuLASSAEBOLALassaLassafever(Lassa)isanacuteviralhemorrhagicfeverendemictoWestAfrica.Sinceitsdiscoveryin1969inthevillageofLassainBornoState,Nigeria,therehavebeencountlessoutbreaksofvariousmagnitudeandseverityacrossWestAfrica.Itisestimatedthatmanythousandsofpeopleareinfectedwiththevirusannually,withthousandsofdeaths.Casefatalityratesininfectedpatientscanreachmorethan80%.Thesenumbers,however,areonlyestimates,andinrealitylittleisknownaboutthetruemorbidityandmortalityfromthisdisease.GeographicalDistributionLassaisendemictoWestAfrica.ConfirmedincidenceshavebeenrecordedinSierraLeone,Liberia,Guinea,Nigeria,IvoryCoast,Togo,andMali.However,concernsexistthattheremaybeLassa(andLassa-like)virusesinothercountriessuchasCentralAfricanRepublic,BurkinaFaso,Ghana,Benin,andCameroon–someofwhichhavehadsporadiccases.Furthermore,MastomysrodentsaredistributedacrosstheAfricancontinent,indicatingastrongpossibilityforthespreadofthediseases,includingLassa,thattheycarry.InfectionswithLassavirusHumanscontractthevirusprimarilythroughcontactwiththecontaminatedexcretaofMastomysnatalensisrodents(commonlyknownastheMultimammaterat),whichisthenaturalreservoirforthevirus.Littleisknownregardingthetransmissionofthevirusfromtherodentreservoirtothehumanhost,althoughthereiscompellingevidencethatArenavirusesarestableandinfectiousbytheaerosolrouteinnonhumanprimates.Therodentsliveinhouseswithhumansanddepositexcretaonfloors,tables,bedsandfood.Consequentlythevirusistransmittedtohumansthroughcutsandscratches,orinhaledviadustparticlesintheair.InsomeregionsMastomysrodentsarealsoconsumedasfood.Secondaryhuman-to-humantransmissionscanalsooccur,althoughsuchscenariosaremuchrarerthanrodent-causedinfections.Historically,small-scaleoutbreakscausedbyhuman-to-humantransmissionshavetakenplace,butmostly

Lassa viruses are enveloped, single-stranded, bisegmented, ambisense RNA viruses. Their genome is contained in two RNA segments that code for two proteins each, one in each sense, for a total of four viral proteins.LassamammarenavirusFromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopediaJumptonavigationJumptosearchThisarticleisaboutthehemorrhagicfever-causingLassavirus.Fortherabiformvirus,seeLyssavirus.TypeofviralhemorrhagicfeverLassamammarenavirusTEMmicrographofLassamammarenavirusvirionsVirusclassification(unranked):VirusRealm:RiboviriaKingdom:OrthornaviraePhylum:NegarnaviricotaClass:EllioviricetesOrder:BunyaviralesFamily:ArenaviridaeGenus:MammarenavirusSpecies:LassamammarenavirusSynonymsLassavirusLassamammarenavirus(LASV)isanarenavirusthatcausesLassahemorrhagicfever,[1]atypeofviralhemorrhagicfever(VHF),inhumansandotherprimates.Lassamammarenavirusisanemergingvirusandaselectagent,requiringBiosafetyLevel4-equivalentcontainment.ItisendemicinWestAfricancountries,especiallySierraLeone,theRepublicofGuinea,Nigeria,andLiberia,wheretheannualincidenceofinfectionisbetween300,000and500,000cases,resultingin5,000deathsperyear.[2]Asof2012discoverieswithintheManoRiverregionofwestAfricahaveexpandedtheendemiczonebetweenthetwoknownLassaendemicregions,indicatingthatLASVismorewidelydistributedthroughoutthetropicalwoodedsavannahecozoneinwestAfrica.[3]TherearenoapprovedvaccinesagainstLassafeverforuseinhumans.[4]Contents1Discovery2Virology2.1Structureandgenome2.2Receptors2.3Lifecycle3Pathogenesis4Seealso5ReferencesDiscovery[edit]In1969,missionarynurseLauraWinefellillwithamysteriousdiseaseshecontractedfromanobstetricalpatientinLassa,avillageinBornoState,Nigeria.[5][6][7]ShewasthentransportedtoJos,Nigeriawhereshedied.Subsequently,twoothersbecameinfected,oneofwhomwasfifty-two-year-oldnurseLilyPinneowhohadcaredforLauraWine.[8]SamplesfromPinneoweresenttoYaleUniversityinNewHavenwhereanewvirus,thatwouldlaterbeknownasLassamammarenavirus,wasisolatedforthefirsttimebyJordiCasals,SonjaBuckley,andothers.[9][10][11]Casals

Lassa Virion and Genome ... (1362 strains - 1121 complete segments) Lassa mammarenavirus. Virus News. Updated 30 July ... 3D Protein Structures (PDB), 21.LoadingVirusPathogenDatabaseandAnalysisResource(ViPR)...ProcessingSkiptoMainContentLassaVirusAboutUsOurTeamSummaryofLassaVirusDataSourcesofViPRDataLastUpdateofViPRDataFundingResearchUsingViPROurPublicationsViPRBrochureCommunitySystemsBiologyGroupDataStandards&TemplatesAnnouncementsNewsMeetingsandEventsViPRNewslettersScientificReportsVirusBRCCompendiumVirusBRCTransitionPlanLinksInfluenzaResearchDatabase(IRD)PathoSystemsResourceIntegrationCenter(PATRIC)EukaryoticPathogenDatabaseResources(EuPathDB)ExternalAnalysisToolsVirusBRCToolsRelatedLinksResourcesImmunologyResourcesAboutLassavirusSupportReportaProblemAskaQuestionHelpManualTutorials&TrainingMaterialsFrequentlyAskedQuestionsCiteViPRJoinViPRMailingListRequestWebTrainingViPRComputationalProtocolsDownloadViPRSequenceDatabasesIRD/ViPRAPIsVirusBRCGitHubSEARCHDATATEXTSEARCHQuickTextSearchSEARCHORFIND:SearchSequences>GenomeSequencesGenes&ProteinsStrainDataImmuneEpitopesHostFactorExperiments3DProteinStructuresProteinDomainsProteinMotifsAntiviralDrugsPlasmidDataHISTORYRetrieveaDownloadYourSearchHistoryANALYZE&VISUALIZEANALYZE&VISUALIZEIdentifySimilarSequences(BLAST)AlignSequences(MSA)VisualizeAlignedSequencesIdentifyShortPeptidesinProteinsAnalyzeSequenceVariation(SNP)MetadataSequenceAnalysisGeneratePhylogeneticTreeSequenceFormatConversionPCRPrimerDesignVIGOR4GenomeAnnotatorGATUGenomeAnnotatorExternalAnalysisToolsHISTORYRetrieveanAnalysisRetrieveaDownloadYourAnalysisHistoryWORKBENCHViewYourWorkbenchChangePasswordChangeUserDetailsLogIntoYourWorkbenchRegisterforaWorkbenchViewPublicWorkbenchWorkbenchvideotutorialLogoutVIRUSFAMILIESFindafamilyFamilyArenaviridaeCaliciviridaeCoronaviridaeFiloviridaeFlaviviridaeHantaviridaeHepeviridaeHerpesviridaeNairoviridaeParamyxoviridaePeribunyaviridaePhasmaviridaePhenuiviridaePicornaviridaePneumoviridaePoxviridaeReoviridaeRhabdoviridaeTogaviri

SkipdirectlytositecontentSkipdirectlytopageoptionsSkipdirectlytoA-ZlinkSkipdirectlytoA-ZlinkSkipdirectlytoA-ZlinkLassaFeverSectionNavigationCDCHomeFacebookTwitterLinkedInSyndicateTransmissionFrenchMinusRelatedPagesThereservoir,orhost,ofLassavirusisarodentknownasthe“multimammaterat”(Mastomysnatalensis).Onceinfected,thisrodentisabletoexcretevirusinurineforanextendedtimeperiod,maybefortherestofitslife.Mastomysrodentsbreedfrequently,producelargenumbersofoffspring,andarenumerousinthesavannasandforestsofwest,central,andeastAfrica.Inaddition,Mastomysreadilycolonizehumanhomesandareaswherefoodisstored.AllofthesefactorscontributetotherelativelyefficientspreadofLassavirusfrominfectedrodentstohumans.TransmissionofLassavirustohumansoccursmostcommonlythroughingestionorinhalation.Mastomysrodentsshedthevirusinurineanddroppingsanddirectcontactwiththesematerials,throughtouchingsoiledobjects,eatingcontaminatedfood,orexposuretoopencutsorsores,canleadtoinfection.BecauseMastomysrodentsoftenliveinandaroundhomesandscavengeonleftoverhumanfooditemsorpoorlystoredfood,directcontacttransmissioniscommon.Mastomysrodentsaresometimesconsumedasafoodsourceandinfectionmayoccurwhenrodentsarecaughtandprepared.Contactwiththevirusmayalsooccurwhenapersoninhalestinyparticlesintheaircontaminatedwithinfectedrodentexcretions.Thisaerosolorairbornetransmissionmayoccurduringcleaningactivities,suchassweeping.Directcontactwithinfectedrodentsisnottheonlywayinwhichpeopleareinfected;person-to-persontransmissionmayoccurafterexposuretovirusintheblood,tissue,secretions,orexcretionsofaLassavirus-infectedindividual.Casualcontact(includingskin-to-skincontactwithoutexchangeofbodyfluids)doesnotspreadLassavirus.Person-to-persontransmissioniscommoninhealthcaresettings(callednosocomialtransmission)whereproperpersonalprotectiveequipment(PPE)isnotavailableornotused.Lassavirusmaybespreadincontaminatedmedicalequipment,suchasreusedneedles.RelatedLinksRodentsArenavirusesPagelastreviewed:March25,2014Contentsource:CentersforDiseaseContr