Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is an emerging tick-borne virus that causes hemorrhagic fever. Previous studies ...ArticlesCarlG.FengDisciplineofInfectiousDiseasesandImmunology,FacultyofMedicineandHealth,TheUniversityofSydney,AustraliaAliZaidGriffithUniversity,AustraliaGuoliangZhangShenzhenThirdPeople’sHospital,ChinaTheeditorandreviewers'affiliationsarethelatestprovidedontheirLoopresearchprofilesandmaynotreflecttheirsituationatthetimeofreview.AbstractIntroductionMaterialsandMethodsResultsDiscussionDataAvailabilityStatementEthicsStatementAuthorContributionsFundingConflictofInterestSupplementaryMaterialReferencesSuggestaResearchTopic>DownloadArticleDownloadPDFReadCubeEPUBXML(NLM)SupplementaryMaterialExportcitationEndNoteReferenceManagerSimpleTEXTfileBibTextotalviewsViewArticleImpactSuggestaResearchTopic>SHAREONOpenSupplementalDataORIGINALRESEARCHarticleFront.Immunol.,23February2021|https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.595140SFTSVInfectionInducedInterleukin-1βSecretionThroughNLRP3InflammasomeActivationJian-WeiLiu1†,MinChu1†,Yong-junJiao2,Chuan-MinZhou1,RuiQi1‡andXue-jieYu1*‡1StateKeyLaboratoryofVirology,SchoolofHealthSciences,WuhanUniversity,Wuhan,China2InstituteofPathogenicMicrobiology,JiangsuProvincialCenterforDiseasePreventionandControl,Nanjing,ChinaSeverefeverwiththrombocytopeniasyndromevirus(SFTSV)isanemergingtick-bornevirusthatcauseshemorrhagicfever.PreviousstudiesshowedthatSFTSV-infectedpatientsexhibitedelevatedlevelsofpro-inflammatorycytokineslikeinterleukin-1β(IL-1β),indicatingthatSFTSVinfectionmayactivateinflammasomes.However,thedetailedmechanismremainspoorlyunderstood.Herein,wefoundthatSFTSVcouldstimulatetheIL-1βsecretionintheinfectedhumanperipheralbloodmononuclearcells(PBMCs),humanmacrophages,andC57/BL6mice.WedemonstratethatthematurationandsecretionofIL-1βduringSFTSVinfectionismediatedbythenucleotideandoligomerizationdomain,leucine-richrepeat-containingproteinfamily,pyrin-containingdomain3(NLRP3)inflammasome.Thisprocessisdependentonp