Acute Renal failure 急性腎衰竭(英文). 2019/12/23. Definition. Acute Renal Injury is the rapid decline of renal function in a short period. Etiology. Blood loss due to ...衛教單張HealthEducation首頁衛教單張AcuteRenalfailure急性腎衰竭(英文)衛教資訊衛教單張衛教影片衛教海報衛教諮詢正確用藥教育中心衛教講座衛教講座報名爸媽教室哺乳聚會孕產課程健康城市中醫講座正確用藥AcuteRenalfailure急性腎衰竭(英文)文章分享首頁分享至FaceBook分享至LineQrcode列印A-A+AcuteRenalfailure急性腎衰竭(英文)2019/12/23DefinitionAcuteRenalInjuryistherapiddeclineofrenalfunctioninashortperiod.EtiologyBloodlossduetobleeding,burn,orsurgeryHeartfailureShockSeveretransfusionreactions,hemolysisMalignanthypertensionPyelonephritis,sepsisNephrotoxinsAcutenephritisUrinarytractobstructionClinicalstagesOliguriaphase:Decreasedurineoutput(lessthan400ml/day)occursandmaypersistfor1-4weeks.Itisnotpresentinallcasesofacuterenalinjury.Diureticphase:Duetosomerecoveryofrenalfunctioninthisphase,dailyurineoutputincreases.Thevolumeisabout1-2L/dayorevenupto4-5L/day.Thisphasemaypersistsfor1to2weeks.Recoveryphase:Renalfunctionrecoversgraduallyandreturnstonormalafter3-12months.Mildtomoderatedamageduetoacuterenalinjurymaypersist.SymptomsAcuterenalinjurymaybeasymptomatic,butsomepatientsmaysufferfromworseningedema,decreasedurineoutput,nausea,vomiting,fatigue,hypertension,dyspnea,lethargy,headache,irritability,agitation,orevencoma.TreatmentThetreatmentstrategyincludeabstinencefromtakingnephrotoxicdrugsandfoods,reliefofurinarytractobstruction,adequatefluidsupply,controlofbloodpressure,maintainadequaterenalperfusion,appropriatetimingofrenalreplacementtherapyanddietcontrol.Thepivotalthingistoidentifyandresolvetheetiologyofacuterenalinjury. Therenalfunctionofmajoritycasesofacuterenalinjurycanberecoveredwithappropriatesupportivecareandresolutionofdiseaseetiology.However,inseverecases,thepatientmightbedialysisdependent.Therearetwomodesofrenalreplacementtherapy.Hemodialysis: byusingtemporaryvascularaccessanddialysismachine,doctorscanremovethetoxinsandregulatefluidsandelectrolytesofpatient’sbody,inordertomaintainthenormalphysiologiccondition. Peritonealdi